This working paper considers the risks and opportunities posed to UK heat sector businesses by a potential transformation towards a low-carbon heat system in the UK. It is an output from the Heat, Incumbency and Transformations (HIT) project which is part of the UK Energy Research Centre programme.
The HIT project is investigating the idea of incumbency, considering what the term means, how it is present in the UKs heat sector and what the implications of incumbency are for the UKs potential transformation from a high carbon heat system to a low-carbon heat system.
The previous working paper developed a working definition of incumbency (Loweset al., 2017). This working paper forms the second phase of the project, exploring who the incumbents are in the UK heat system and the implications of the potential transformation for incumbents.
Decarbonising home heating is one of the biggest challenges involved in achieving net zero in the UK. After several years of exploring options and gathering evidence, heat decarbonisation in the UK is now entering a mass deployment phase, with very significant economic implications for governments, businesses, and households.
This systematic review presents data on the total installed costs for domestic heat pumps in the UK and internationally. It covers historic and forecast costs, across a range of technology types and building contexts.
In June 2016, ETI’s Strategy Manager Chris Heaton presented “Energy system modelling of the UK energy policy reset – a multi-sector analysis” at an Energy Systems Conference.The presentation focused in particular on a multi-sector analysis of CCS
Heat pumps are a critical technology for reducing carbon emissions associated with residential heating. Accumulated knowledge suggests a coordinated approach is required to accelerate deployment. In this project we undertook a rapid socio- technical, whole-systems analysis of the state of residential heat pump diffusion in the UK. The results were then fed into three deliberative workshops with stakeholders across policy, practice and academia. Each workshop employed a decision theatre methodology - a novel approach designed to foster deliberation between multiple stakeholders on complex societal issues - and resulted in participants making decisions about what is required to accelerate heat pump deployment in the UK. Analysis of these results showed clear agreement on five areas for change. The common priorities identified across the three workshops are detailed in the table below.
Author(s): Maximov, S.,Rickman, J., Gross, R. and Ameli, N.
Published: 2024
Publisher: UKERC
This briefing summarises findings on how different UK policy instruments to promote the growth of renewable generation have influenced financiers and changed the nature of finance in the UK offshore wind market.
The UK Energy Research Centre welcomes this opportunity to provide input to the BERR Consultation on the UK Renewable Energy Strategy. We have addressed a number of the questions posed in the consultation document calling on all UKERC members for input.
To meet the EU 15% renewable energy target will be a significant challenge for the UK. It is important to understand that reductions in the UKs total energy demand will produce proportional reductions in the renewable contribution required. Although self-evident, this simple fact is often overlooked. Indeed the UK has to date failed to achieve any reductions in energy use, in fact the reverse is true: energy consumption in the key sectors of electricity and energy for transport continues to rise steadily.
In addition to reducing the demand for energy, there will need to be a massive increase in the contribution of renewables to transport fuel (predominately biofuels), heat and electricity. This submission concentrates on renewable electricity because UKERC has core competency this area. In Table 1, below, UKERC presents an illustrative scenario for the contribution of renew
Author(s): Baker, P., Chaudry, M., Mitchell, C, Woodman, B., Jenkins, N., Strbac, G. and Hardy, J.
Published: 2010
Publisher: UKERC
Without the adoption of a more holistic approach that addresses BETTA structural reform and network regulation, it is difficult to see how a satisfactory resolution of the transmission access issue can be achieved.
It is proposed that more strategic and unified development of the onshore and offshore network together with the provision of interconnection would be encouraged through common or at least zonal ownership of offshore transmission assets, while cost-effectiveness and the efficient delivery of assets could be achieved through tendering and outsourcing construction.
Modern distribution networks are not typically designed to accommodate generation; a number of technical and operational challenges will need to be addressed in order for the connection of significant amounts of distributed generation on these networks.
The consequences of intermittency or variability of input will need to be managed by a combination of retaining conventional plant and developing demand response. Additionally, interconnection with adjacent transmission systems and improved forecasting of wind resource and maintaining geographic diversity of wind generation could also reduce the impacts of intermittency.
The role of smart grids will be to enhance the capacity and utilisation of the electricity grid (both transmission and distribution) by means other than investing in traditional transmission assets and, via the deployment of smart metering, massively increase the contribution of the demand side to system security and the decarbonisation of the heat and transport sectors.
UKERC is concerned that a major opportunity will be missed unless there is a timely change to a regulatory regime that encourages objective and costefficient choices between investment and smart grid solutions.
Bridgend County Borough Council has been working with a group of stakeholders consisting of Welsh Government, Western Power Distribution, Wales and West Utilities and the Energy Systems Catapult, to pilot an advanced whole system approach to local area energy planning. Bridgend is one of three areas including Newcastle and Bury in Greater Manchester participating in the pilot project as part of the Energy Technologies Institute (ETI) Smart Systems and Heat (SSH) Programme.
This report is one of two reports reviewing the commercial and technical viability of a predominately domestic heat network across two clusters in Bridgend. This report assesses semi-detached homes in the area connected to a network including 13 specified non-domestic buildings.
This report finds that the dwellings connected are generally clustered which benefits the heat network due to the increased heat density. However, connection to outlying properties should be reviewed, as they require extensive lengths of pipe to connect comparably small heat offtake. This can be mitigated by connecting the (detached) dwellings specified in the parallel report, which in most circumstances would increase the heat density of outlying areas.
The commercial viability of the scheme could be improved by connecting key non-domestic buildings throughout both clusters in addition to those specified. Several buildings are not considered for connection despite adjacent residential connections.
There were no significant barriers found to energy centre development. The key risk associated with the energy centre development is anticipated to be the heat pump source, as this is currently unclear, and it is not known if this source is available or can provide the required temperatures while meeting current or future industry standards.
Author(s): Tingey, M., Braunholtz-Speight, T., Hawkey, D., McLachlan, C. and Webb, J.
Published: 2018
Publisher: UKERC
We welcome the Welsh Government’s interest in locally owned renewable energy. Our response draws on a range of research undertaken by the Heat and the City research group at the University of Edinburgh, including a UK-wide study of local authorities and energy; and on the Financing Community Energy research project being led by Tyndall Manchester.
In our response we made the following general comments, before responding to individual points raised in the call:
We suggest that greater attention should be paid to city/town/settlement scale infrastructure for a low carbon energy system, including area based upgrading of the built environment and low carbon heating infrastructure. Heat and energy efficiency for a low energy building stock are crucial to meeting Welsh and UK Government legally binding targets for carbon abatement.
At national scale, Wales has opportunities for sharing risk, costs and benefits of energy developments – i.e. the direct benefit to the citizens of Wales through public ownership and the aggregate costs across society of decarbonisation.
Local Authority planning and ownership could be considered further as key components to securing greater local control and accountability, and achieving Welsh Government objectives. Our research indicates that further developing specific roles, powers, resources and responsibilities of local institutional actors in energy planning and ownership, especially Local Authorities would also add value to Welsh society and economy.
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