Results: Browse all data
Currently applied filters
Energy ModelsPublisher: UKDS
Period: 01/01/2019 - 31/12/2020
Rights: Rights not recorded
This work benchmarks the existing UK cold chain and provides robust evidence-based data on emissions in 2020. Only emissions from refrigeration within UK borders was considered, both from refrigerant leakage and from electrical power usage. Energy consumption For energy consumption the Digest of UK Energy Statistics (DUKES) was widely used. This data is compiled by the Department for Business, Energy & Industrial Strategy (BEIS) and contains data for many years up until the current year. The United Kingdom Statistics Authority has designated these statistics as National Statistics, in accordance with the Statistics and Registration Service Act 2007 and therefore they were considered as the most accurate data available. DUKES data does not always differentiate the energy consumed by refrigeration systems in each of the cold chain sectors and therefore further analysis and assumptions were often required. Energy consumption values shown were collated per year for the years 2019/2020, unless otherwise stated. Emissions from refrigerant leakage The main GHG refrigerants are the fluorinated gases (f-gases); hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) and hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs). According to Brown et al (Brown et al., 2021) emissions of f-gases can occur at various stages of the refrigeration equipment life-cycle: During manufacturing, During installation, Over the operational lifetime, At disposal. The most comprehensive source of information for direct emissions is the UK Greenhouse Gas Inventory. This contains national greenhouse gas emission estimates for the period 1990-2019 and is the United Kingdoms National Inventory Report (NIR) submitted to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). It includes losses during manufacture/initial charging and at decommissioning as well as losses in use.
Publisher: ETI
Period: 31/10/2016 - 17/08/2018
Rights: Energy Technologies Institute Open Licence for Materials
The objective of the Consumers, Vehicles and Energy Integration project is to inform UK Government and European policy and to help shape energy and automotive industry products, propositions and investment strategies. Additionally, it aims to develop an integrated set of analytical tools that models future market scenarios in order to test the impact of future policy, industry and societal choices. The project is made up of two stages:
- Stage 1 aims to characterize market and policy frameworks, business propositions, and the integrated vehicle and energy infrastructure system and technologies best suited to enabling a cost-effective UK energy system for low-carbon vehicles, using the amalgamated analytical toolset.
- Stage 2 aims to fill knowledge gaps and validate assumptions from Stage 1 through scientifically robust research, including real world trials with privatevehicle consumers and case studies with business fleets. A mainstream consumer uptake trial will be carried out to measure attitudes to PiVs after direct experience of them, and consumer charging trials will measure mainstream consumer PiV charging behaviours and responses to managed harging options
- A ‘first principles’ view of the key components or Building Blocks (BB) that are considered as part of understanding what technology/physical, actors/commercial, market/policy, and Customer Proposition structures are most effective in enabling mass deployment and use of ULEVs, and their relative importance.
- A systematic allocation of the BBs to the Narratives, in such a way as to focus the framework on the areas of highest materiality, providing the basis for the analysis reported in the separate D1.3 Market Design and System Integration Report.
Publisher: ETI
Period: 31/10/2016 - 17/08/2018
Rights: Energy Technologies Institute Open Licence for Materials
The objective of the Consumers, Vehicles and Energy Integration project is to inform UK Government and European policy and to help shape energy and automotive industry products, propositions and investment strategies. Additionally, it aims to develop an integrated set of analytical tools that models future market scenarios in order to test the impact of future policy, industry and societal choices. The project is made up of two stages:
This second project deliverable, report D4.1 “Initial Analysis of Technology, Commercial and Market Building Blocks of Energy Infrastructure”, sets out the detailed components of the framework. D4.1 comprises a report and spreadsheet.
The two deliverables should be read in conjunction with each other.
It should be noted that both of these reports were written for the purpose of facilitating agreement regarding the details of the approach and consequently they are quite complex. Other reports later in the project will present the information in a more accessible manner for people not closely involved with the work; those later reports are commended to the general reader as a more suitable starting point. Nevertheless, D1.1 and D4.1 are made available for completeness.
This spreadsheet defines the Building Blocks for each Dimension: Customer Proposition (CP), Physical Supply Chain (PSC), Market and Policy Framework (MPF) and Commercial Value Chain (CVC). The sheet include both a summary and detailed analysis. It should be read in conjunction with the main report deliverable CVEI Project: TR1006 D4.1. Initial analysis of technology, commercial, market building blocks
- Stage 1 aims to characterize market and policy frameworks, business propositions, and the integrated vehicle and energy infrastructure system and technologies best suited to enabling a cost-effective UK energy system for low-carbon vehicles, using the amalgamated analytical toolset.
- Stage 2 aims to fill knowledge gaps and validate assumptions from Stage 1 through scientifically robust research, including real world trials with private vehicle consumers and case studies with business fleets. A mainstream consumer uptake trial will be carried out to measure attitudes to PiVs after direct experience of them, and consumer charging trials will measure mainstream consumer PiV charging behaviours and responses to managed harging options.
This second project deliverable, report D4.1 “Initial Analysis of Technology, Commercial and Market Building Blocks of Energy Infrastructure”, sets out the detailed components of the framework. D4.1 comprises a report and spreadsheet.
The two deliverables should be read in conjunction with each other.
It should be noted that both of these reports were written for the purpose of facilitating agreement regarding the details of the approach and consequently they are quite complex. Other reports later in the project will present the information in a more accessible manner for people not closely involved with the work; those later reports are commended to the general reader as a more suitable starting point. Nevertheless, D1.1 and D4.1 are made available for completeness.
This spreadsheet defines the Building Blocks for each Dimension: Customer Proposition (CP), Physical Supply Chain (PSC), Market and Policy Framework (MPF) and Commercial Value Chain (CVC). The sheet include both a summary and detailed analysis. It should be read in conjunction with the main report deliverable CVEI Project: TR1006 D4.1. Initial analysis of technology, commercial, market building blocks
Publisher: ETI
Period: 01/01/2020 - 31/12/2050
Rights: Energy Technologies Institute Open Licence for Materials
This publication has been produced as part of the work on the ETI’s internationally peer reviewed energy system modelling environment (ESME) - a national energy system design and planning capability that helps to identify key areas for ETI investments. ESME is also used by UK Government to underpin and inform energy policy.
This file includes summary results from a standard run of ESME v4.3. A standard set of core charts exported from the ESME model showing energy flows and technology deployment in each major sector. Below each chart a table shows the corresponding numerical data
This file includes summary results from a standard run of ESME v4.3. A standard set of core charts exported from the ESME model showing energy flows and technology deployment in each major sector. Below each chart a table shows the corresponding numerical data
Publisher: ETI
Period: 01/01/2020 - 31/12/2050
Rights: Energy Technologies Institute Open Licence for Materials
This file includes summary results from a standard run of ESME v4.2 (the most recent version of the model). A standard set of core charts exported from the ESME model showing energy flows and technology. This publication has been produced as part of the work on the ETI’s internationally peer reviewed energy system modelling environment (ESME) - a national energy system
Publisher: Energy Systems Catapult
Period: 01/01/2020 - 31/12/2023
Rights: Rights not recorded
Energy Systems Catapult was set up to accelerate the transformation of the UK's energy system and ensure UK businesses and consumers capture the opportunities of clean growth. The Catapult is an independent, not-for-profit centre of excellence that bridges the gap between industry, government, academia and research.
This links to the searchable interface for the public datasets.
Publisher: Matched
Period: 01/01/2026 - 31/12/2026
Rights: Rights not recorded
Many energy suppliers market their electricity as renewable while continuing to buy fossil-fuelled power, a practice enabled by outdated regulations. To resolve this confusion, Matched uses public data to track what electricity households and businesses are actually receiving, hour by hour, all year.
The Matched Clean Power Index translates public data from Elexon, NESO, and Ofgem into clear, comparable ratings of the renewable electricity customers actually receive, hour by hour. Our methodology has been reviewed by 30+ experts across the sector, including Oxford, Imperial, and leading suppliers.
Matched is an independent, not-for-profit, open-source initiative. We work with suppliers to highlight best practices, with consumer groups to inform households and businesses, and with policymakers to shape stronger standards.
Our goal is to accelerate the practices that most rapidly decarbonise power.
The Matched Clean Power Index translates public data from Elexon, NESO, and Ofgem into clear, comparable ratings of the renewable electricity customers actually receive, hour by hour. Our methodology has been reviewed by 30+ experts across the sector, including Oxford, Imperial, and leading suppliers.
Matched is an independent, not-for-profit, open-source initiative. We work with suppliers to highlight best practices, with consumer groups to inform households and businesses, and with policymakers to shape stronger standards.
Our goal is to accelerate the practices that most rapidly decarbonise power.
Publisher: Zenodo
Period: 01/01/2010 - 31/12/2050
Rights: CC-BY
Recent years have seen unprecedented shifts in global natural gas trade, precipitated in large part by Russia's war on Ukraine. How this regional conflict impacts the future of natural gas markets is subject to three interconnected factors: (i) Russia's strategy to regain markets for its gas exports; (ii) Europe's push towards increased liquified natural gas (LNG) and the pace of its low carbon transition; and (iii) China's gas demand and how it balances its climate and energy security objectives. A scenario modelling approach is applied to explore the potential implications of this geopolitical crisis. We demonstrate how integrating energy geopolitics and modelling enhances our understanding of energy futures.
This is the data behind this journal article: Pye, S., Bradshaw, M., Price, J. et al. The global implications of a Russian gas pivot to Asia. Nat Commun 16, 386 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-55697-7
Publisher: UK National Archives
Period: 01/01/2003 - 31/12/2050
Rights: Open Access
Summary of analyses of options for a low carbon economy (includes MARKAL model results by Future Energy Solutions). This report contains the results of a study, undertaken on behalf of DTI, DEFRA and the PIU, to develop a range of bottom-up estimates of carbon dioxide emissions from the UK energy sector up to 2050, and to identify the technical possibilities and costs for the abatement of these emissions. Three levels of abatement by 2050 have been considered: a 60% reduction relative to emissions in 2000 - approximating to the level considered by the Royal Commission on Environmental Pollution (RCEP 2000) - plus 45% and 70% reductions relative to 2000 levels. Marsh, G, Taylor, P, Haydock, H, Anderson, D, Leach, M (2003). Options for a Low Carbon Future. DTI Economics Paper No 4, Department of Trade and Industry.
Publisher: UK National Archives
Period: 01/01/2005 - 31/12/2049
Rights: Open Access
This report summarises the modelling work undertaken for the 2003 Energy White Paper using the MARKAL energy model. It describes the scenarios and sensitivities used in the modelling work. It concludes that there is a variety of carbon abatement options across the energy supply sector, in improving energy efficiency and across the transport sector. Total abatement costs are uncertain and vary considerably by scenario and sensitivity but are unlikely to have a significant impact on GDP growth. Innovation and technical progress are key elements in reducing the costs of carbon abatement. The report compares the costs from the MARKAL model with those from a range of other models. Most of the studies suggest GDP losses of under 3% in 2050. It looks at the different types of economic models used to analyse abatement costs and the reasons why they might produce varying cost estimates This is now archived. Leach, M, Anderson, D, Taylor, P, Marsh, G (2005). Options for a Low Carbon Future: Review of Modelling Activities and an Update. DTI Occasional Paper No 1, Department of Trade and Industry.
Publisher: Cardiff University
Period: 01/01/2018 - 31/12/2018
Rights: CC-BY
The datasets available for download include: 1. The thermal characteristics for 16 dwelling categories for all the LSOAs in England and Wales before and after considering energy efficiency measures. 2. The magnitude and duration of positive and negative flexibility services that can be provided by air source heat pumps in dwellings at local authority level. Dates refer to the input data to the model.
Publisher: Sam Cooper, University of Bath
Period: 01/01/2030 - 01/01/2050
Rights: CC-BY
This spreadsheet contains the results for the article, "Meeting the costs of decarbonising industry - the potential effects on prices and competitiveness (a case study of the UK)". These include projected impacts for industrial process decarbonisation (costs, fuel use, residual emissions), for key years (2030, 2040, 2050), distributed in the following ways:
The source of the projections and the method to perform the distribution are described in detail in the associated article.
- Directly allocated to industrial sector in which they occur
- Shared between sectors in proportion to the share of GVA of each supply chain
- Embodied in final products
- Embodied in final products, aggregated to consumption patterns
The source of the projections and the method to perform the distribution are described in detail in the associated article.
Publisher: UK Power Networks
Period: 28/11/2011 - 28/02/2014
Rights: CC-BY
Energy consumption readings for a sample of 5,567 London Households that took part in the UK Power Networks led Low Carbon London project between November 2011 and February 2014.
Readings were taken at half hourly intervals. The customers in the trial were recruited as a balanced sample representative of the Greater London population.
The dataset contains energy consumption, in kWh (per half hour), unique household identifier, date and time. The CSV file is around 10GB when unzipped and contains around 167million rows.
Within the data set are two groups of customers. The first is a sub-group, of approximately 1100 customers, who were subjected to Dynamic Time of Use (dToU) energy prices throughout the 2013 calendar year period. The tariff prices were given a day ahead via the Smart Meter IHD (In Home Display) or text message to mobile phone. Customers were issued High (67.20p/kWh), Low (3.99p/kWh) or normal (11.76p/kWh) price signals and the times of day these applied. The dates/times and the price signal schedule is availaible as part of this dataset. All non-Time of Use customers were on a flat rate tariff of 14.228pence/kWh.
The signals given were designed to be representative of the types of signal that may be used in the future to manage both high renewable generation (supply following) operation and also test the potential to use high price signals to reduce stress on local distribution grids during periods of stress.
The remaining sample of approximately 4500 customers energy consumption readings were not subject to the dToU tariff.
Publisher: Cardiff University
Period: 20/05/2021 - 01/01/2049
Rights: CC-BY
Annual heat demand data for England and Wales at Lower Layer Super Output Area (LSOA) level, before and after energy efficiency measures. Normalised half-hourly profiles for heat production and energy consumption of different heating technologies. Costs for energy efficiency measures by local authority. The three datasets available for download include:
- Annual heat demand data before and after adopting energy efficiency measures for 16 dwelling categories for all the LSOAs in England and Wales.
- Normalised half-hourly profiles for the heat production and energy consumption of air-source heat pumps, ground source heat pumps, gas boilers and resistance heaters based on the UK average daily outside air temperature profile from 2013
- The estimated costs to implement the energy efficiency measures to reach the annual heat demand displayed in the annual heat demand dataset, for each local authority in England and Wales.
This data set was updated on 14/10/2021. The top-level folder holds the latest version and a README file detailing the changes. The original version is retained in a sub-folder.
Publisher: Colin Singleton - CountingLab Limited
Period: 01/01/2024 - 05/01/2025
Rights: Open Government Licence v3.0 (OGL v3.0)
Synthetic (i.e., computer-generated as opposed to real) monthly electric vehicle charging sessions, and their corresponding weekly charging profiles, for every public chargepoint listed in the national chargepoint database as of November 2024. Note that this is an initial version of this dataset and as such the data values may not be very realistic at this stage. We expect to improve these values over time to make the more realistic.
Publisher: Climate Change Committee
Period: 01/01/1990 - 31/12/2050
Rights: Open Access
The numbers behind the Climate Change Committee's (CCC) sixth carbon budget. The sixth carbon budget provides UK ministers with advice on the volume of greenhouse gases that the UK can emit between 2033 and 2037 and has now been adopted in UK law. Interactive charts are available to explore the data.
Publisher: ETI
Period: 01/01/2020 - 31/12/2050
Rights: Energy Technologies Institute Open Licence for Materials
This file includes summary results from the ESME model runs which correspond to Clockwork and Patchwork, the two scenarios described in the Options Choices Actions booklet. A standard set of core charts exported from the ESME model showing energy flows and technology deployment in each major sector. Below each chart a table shows the corresponding numerical data.
This publication has been produced as part of the work on the ETI’s internationally peer reviewed energy system modelling environment (ESME) - a national energy system design and planning capability that helps to identify key areas for ETI investments. ESME is also used by UK Government to underpin and inform energy policy.
This publication has been produced as part of the work on the ETI’s internationally peer reviewed energy system modelling environment (ESME) - a national energy system design and planning capability that helps to identify key areas for ETI investments. ESME is also used by UK Government to underpin and inform energy policy.
Publisher: UKERC
Period: 01/04/2021 - 01/06/2022
Rights: CC-BY
This dataset relates to the modelling component of the UKERC Phase 4 Project '4.2a Investment in infrastructure'. The aim is to assess the scale of investment risks in the electricity generation sector associated with uncertainty over the pathway towards net zero. The model comprises three components: 1. Input data. Based in Excel, contains the scenario assumptions on the electricity system including generation technologies, wind and solar power availability, demand profiles, interconnector and storage capacities etc. 2. Modelling files based on the open-source Antares modelling framework. This requires additional free software to be able to run the model. The model calculates the hourly dispatch of all types of plant included in the system. 3. Excel-based financial model, based on post-processing the output of the Antares model. Additional 1_Metadata.xls, Input_ReadMe and Outputs_ReadMe files explain the method for running each step of the modelling process. Software available at https://antares-simulator.org/. Version used 8.0.2
Show more results
